Geographical Information Science & Systems (GIS)

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ArcGIS Desktop

What is ArcGIS Desktop?

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ARCGIS DESKTOP
ArcGIS Desktop is the key to realizing the advantage of location awareness. Collect and manage data, create professional maps, perform traditional and advanced spatial analysis, and solve real problems. Make a difference and add tangible value for your organization, your community, and the world.

SOFTWARE
Powerful Desktop GIS—Let professional grade software do your heavy lifting. The two primary desktop applications for GIS professionals are ArcMap and ArcGIS Pro, and both are part of ArcGIS Desktop. Each application has unique capabilities to suit your needs. Create everything from simple web maps to complex analytical models.

MAPS
Create and Design Maps and 3D Scenes—If a picture is worth a thousand words, a relevant map is worth a thousand pictures. Use 2D maps and 3D scenes created on your desktop to visualize data in novel ways and discover non-obvious relationships, inefficiencies, trends and opportunities.

ANALYTICS
Analytics—The world is filled with unanswered questions. Frame these questions, analyze data, get results using an array of analytical tools, and examine your work in 2D and 3D. ArcGIS Desktop includes a rich analytical toolbox and modeling framework that empower you to perform virtually any type of spatial analysis.

DATA MANAGEMENT
Manage Geographic Data—Keep everything under control. Build, manage, and connect geographic information using feature and tabular data, imagery, online maps, 3D data, and much more. Go to the next level and enable enterprise-wide collaboration and manage information collections across your organization via the ArcGIS platform.

IMAGERY
Imagery—Access ready-to-use imagery from the world’s largest, most comprehensive collection. Leverage an intelligent management system that scales to work with petabytes of data and recognizes the sensors that you work with every day.

EXTEND
Extend Your Reach—Get your maps into the hands and onto the smartphones of others quickly and seamlessly. Turn your professional desktop data, maps, and analytics into hosted maps, analysis services, feature layers, and imagery services. Provide managed access for your entire organization using both ArcGIS for Server and ArcGIS Online

3D
3D GIS—The world is not flat, and you are no longer limited to abstraction. Use 3D to see your data in its true perspective, to make better decisions, and to communicate your ideas more effectively and efficiently. ArcGIS Desktop leads the way in 3D GIS.

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ArcGIS Desktop

Esri

ArcGIS

What’s New in ArcGIS 10.5?

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ARCGIS
ArcGIS 10.5 includes the latest release of Esri’s enterprise #GIS and unlocks the full potential of your data.

INTERACTIVE DATA EXPLORATION
Discover Insights for ArcGIS, a new app that encourages interactive spatial data exploration. You will experience drag-and-drop analytics and the ability to add data from any source.

ACCELERATED ANALYTICS WITH DISTRIBUTED COMPUTING
Reduce processing time from days to minutes to perform complex space-time analyses on very large datasets using the new ArcGIS #GeoAnalytics Server and ArcGIS Image Server. Perform large batch and raster analytics in single-machine and distributed computing environments.

REAL-TIME DATA AND THE INTERNET OF THINGS
Connect to streaming data from as many sources and devices as you need to with ArcGIS GeoEvent Server. Now you can monitor, filter, analyze, and save events as they happen. This could be your doorway to the Internet of Things.

COLLABORATION ACROSS THE ENTERPRISE
Portal collaboration makes it easy to share maps, apps, and content securely between multiple #ArcGIS Enterprise deployments. Now you can distribute enterprise content among the home office, other departments, and remote offices.

ESRI DEMOGRAPHICS AND BUSINESS DATA IN YOUR ENTERPRISE
Enable geoenrichment within your enterprise environment using Esri Business Analyst Server. Bring in #Esri demographic data and other authoritative content, then use ArcGIS apps to analyze it with your own proprietary data.

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ArcGIS

Esri

ArcGIS Pro

What’s new in ArcGIS Pro 1.4?

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ARCGIS PRO

ArcGIS Pro is the premier professional desktop #GIS application from Esri. With ArcGIS Pro, you can visualize, edit, and analyze your geographic data in both 2D and 3D. After you create projects, maps, layers, tools, and more, ArcGIS Pro has several options for sharing your work with others.

ORTHO MAPPING

  • ArcGIS Pro now supports the production of georeferenced ortho products from images from drones, satellites, and digital and scanned aerial photography. These products include georeferenced orthomosaic datasets, georeferenced orthomosaics stored as TIFF or CRF, digital elevation models (DEM), and digital surface models (DSM).
  • You can share a georeferenced orthomosaic dataset as a dynamic image service or cached image service. You can also use the orthomosaic dataset to generate image tiles with the Split Raster tool, or create orthoimage scenes with the Export Mosaic Dataset Items tool.

GEOREFERENCE IMAGERY AND CAD DATA

  • You can now georeference your imagery and CAD data in ArcGIS Pro.
  • Georeferencing imagery defines the locations on the image using map coordinates and assigns the coordinate system of the map frame to the image. Georeferenced images can be viewed, queried, and analyzed with your other geographic data. You can use the georeferencing tools on the Georeference tab to georeference an image.
  • Georeferencing CAD data is the process of spatially adjusting a CAD drawing. After using the georeferencing tools, you can rotate, move, and scale your CAD data, or create control points to perform a transformation.

PORTAL ANALYSIS

  • You can now use ArcGIS Pro to access a number of analysis tools in the ArcGIS platform, including Feature Analysis tools, Raster Analysis tools, and GeoAnalytics tools. When you use these tools, they run on your portal’s federated server instead of on your local desktop machine, and they create new output layers in your portal instead of in a local folder or geodatabase.
  • You can access the tools that are available in your active portal in the Portal group on the Analysis tab on the ribbon, or from the Portal tab in the Geoprocessing pane. To use these tools, you must be connected to Portal for ArcGIS.

GRATICULES

Graticules, which can be used on layouts to show location in geographic coordinates, can now be imported into ArcGIS Pro from your existing ArcMap map documents (.mxd) or inserted from a style. You can customize graticules by rearranging gridlines and ticks and modifying the appearance of labels.

MULTIPATCH EDITING

  • Editing in ArcGIS Pro now includes support for multipatches. In the Create Features pane, you can create multipatch features using the Create 3D Geometry tool Create 3D Geometry, or use the Multipatch tool 3D Models to create multipatch features from 3D models.
  • In the Modify Features pane, you can now use the Vertices tool Edit Vertices to extrude a multipatch feature in a scene. You can drag an existing face; add a new face and drag it outward or inward to create a hole; or create a ridgeline across a face and drag it to create two angular faces, such as those comprising a pitched rooftop. You can also copy a 2D polygon feature to a multipatch layer using Paste Special Paste and extrude it as a multipatch feature.

ARCADE SCRIPTING FOR LABELING AND RENDERING

ArcGIS Pro now supports the Arcade expression language. Arcade expressions are portable throughout the ArcGIS platform. Arcade expressions work in Runtime, ArcGIS Pro, ArcGIS Online, and JavaScript API, while other languages do not. Areas where Arcade expressions are used include labeling, symbology, and range aliases.

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Pro

Esri

What is Geodesign?

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Geodesign is a new way of thinking about the design process, utilizing site data with software such as a #GIS (Geographic Information System) to create urban or landscape designs.

The Wikipedia’s entry on Geodesign states that “Geodesign is a set of techniques and enabling technologies for planning built and natural environments in an integrated process, including project conceptualization, analysis, design specification, stakeholder participation and collaboration, design creation, simulation, and evaluation (among other stages).“

Michael Flaxman, former MIT Professor and CEO of Geodesign Technologies, states that “GeoDesign is a design and planning method which tightly couples the creation of design proposals with impact simulations informed by geographic contexts.”

The Geodesign Framework: Professor Carl Steinitz, Professor of Landscape Architecture and Planning, Emeritus, brought to the limelight the geodesign framework for landscape architects and designers of the built environment, by posing a series of fundamental questions that as designers of the built environment, should think about and address. Refer to the “Geodesign Framework- by Carl Steinitz” for the summary of questions.

Technology wise, think of CAD, BIM, GIS all in one.
Esri offers a suite of software from 2D mapping to 3D modeling as part of the Geodesign solutions, which combines sketching and modeling tools with the power of data, GIS and high quality renderings. The Geodesign Platform includes mainly the following suite of applications:

Geoplanner for ArcGIS, which is a web-based, easy to use sketching and mapping tool to design scenarios. It leverages geo-based data and supports all the steps of land-based planning and urban design. This includes sketching and designing scenarios (design alternatives), understanding the impact of your designs, perform site and spatial analysis and compare alternative designs.

ArcGIS Pro which is a robust desktop application which render and process data faster than ever. The software allows you to design and edit your concepts in 2D and 3D with multiple view ports. You can perform 3d site analysis like wind analysis, shade/ shadow analysis, circulation patterns, density, view-shed analysis. Designers can add realistic trees, buildings and infrastructures quickly.

CityEngine which is a 3D modeling software which leverages parametric modeling and geo-based data to create evidence-based city and landscape designs. EngineCity creates high quality renderings. CityEngine allows you to import your urban design proposals within existing built urban context in Cityengine. Using parametric and rule procedures, the landscape architect can create, change and test mass modeling to comply with zoning regulations; test shadow area; create detailed streetscapes and create quality public realm spaces. It offers intuitive and effective tools for façade and landscape texturing, adding landscape elements and various tree species. CityEngine provides perspective correction to capture the right views. CityEngine is integrated with ArcGIS. All these tools provide real-time feedback on your changing design concepts.

Geodesign combines site and nature “with design by providing designers with robust tools that support rapid evaluation of design alternatives against the impacts of those designs. Geodesign infuses design with a blend of science- and value-based information to help designers, planners, and stakeholders make better-informed decisions….[the geodesign platform] offers geospatial modeling, impact simulations, and real-time feedback to facilitate holistic designs and smart decisions.”

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Esri Geodatabase is better then Shape Files

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A geodatabase is an alternate way to store #GIS information in one large file, which can contain multiple point, polygon, and/or polyline layers. ESRI is pushing the geodatabase idea, because it is a less “messy” way of organizing data than having multiple shapefiles. in multiple folders. Geodatabases allow users to thematically organize their data and store spatial databases, tables, and raster datasets.

There are two types of single user geodatabases: Personal Geodatabase and File Geodatabase.

Personal geodatabases—All datasets are stored within a Microsoft Access data file, which is limited in size to 2 GB.

A personal geodatabase is a Microsoft Access database that can store, query, and manage both spatial and nonspatial data. Because they are stored in Access databases, personal geodatabases have a maximum size of 2 GB. Additionally, only one person at a time can edit data in a personal geodatabase. Personal geodatabases can also contain domains, use subtypes, and participate in checkout/check-in replication and one-way replicas. You create personal geodatabases in #ArcGIS.

File geodatabases—Stored as folders in a file system. Each dataset is held as a file that can scale up to 1 TB in size. The file geodatabase is recommended over personal geodatabases.

A file geodatabase is a collection of files in a folder on disk that can store, query, and manage both spatial and nonspatial data. A file geodatabase can be used simultaneously by several users, but only one user at a time can edit the same data. Therefore, you can have multiple editors accessing a file geodatabase, but they must be editing different data. The default maximum size of datasets in file geodatabases is 1 TB. The maximum size can be increased to 256 TB for large datasets (usually raster). This is controlled by a configuration keyword. File geodatabases can also contain subtypes and domains and participate in checkout/check-in replication and one-way replicas. You create file geodatabases in ArcGIS.

File geodatabases is preferred storage for Esri ArcGIS and have many benefits including:

1 TB of storage limits of each dataset

Better performance capabilities than Personal Geodatabase

Many users can view data inside the File Geodatabase while the geodatabase is being edited by another user

The geodatabase can be compressed which helps reduce the geodatabases’ size on the disk

Data storage decision is very important … choice and pick wisely … Stay tuned with Seerab : )

Most Famous & Used GIS File Format

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The ESRI Shapefile (known here as the #ESRI #Shapefile format), stores nontopological geometry and attribute information for the spatial features in a data set.

The Shapefile format is open and popular for data transfer. An initial state format during map and shape digitization output, employed as a middle state format by many programs and publishers, and used for data transfer between GIS applications. Shapefiles can be created by exporting any data source to a shapefile, digitizing shapes directly, using programming software, or writing directly to the shapefile specifications by creating a program.

A shapefile consists minimally of a main file, an index file, and a dBASE table. The shapefile format can support point, line, and area features. Area features are represented as closed loop, double-digitized polygons. Instances of the Shapefile format have often been used as a data exchange format from ESRI formats to non-ESRI applications.

Must have component: Main file (.shp) and index file (.shx). Shape_DBF, dBASE Table for ESRI Shapefile (DBF).

May have component: Optional component files include files with the following extensions: .sbn; .sbx; .atx; .fbn; .fbx; .ain; .aih; .ixs; .mxs; prj; xml; cpg

The cluster of files is typically stored in the same file directory or project workspace, with all component files having the same filename (prefix) and identified by individual file extension (suffixes).

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One Fastest Way to Geo-reference Pdf Maps

One Fastest Way to Geo-reference Pdf Maps

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Mostly maps now comes in Adobe Pdf format. It involves intermediate steps to convert & save unreferenced Pdf maps in raster format and also you compromise on resolution of the map to keep raster file size reasonable.

Blue Marble Geographic’s Global Mapper is standalone spatial data management tool. Global Mapper make unreferenced Pdf maps georeferencing fast & easy. Global Mapper can read GeoPdf and Pdf maps directly, you skip intermediate steps to convert & save Pdf in raster format this save time & effort. Global Mapper also have very handy tools to crop, transform coordinates and export in different file formats.

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